Study of stereopsis using a depth sensation detection platform equipped with computer vision technology (DALE3D) / Estudio de estereopsis mediante una plataforma de detección de sensaciones de profundidad equipada con tecnología de visión por ordenador (DALE3D)

Background and objectives: The invention described herein is a prototype based on computer vision technology that measures depth perception and is intended for the early examination of stereopsis. Materials and methods: The prototype (software and hardware) is a depth perception measurement system that consists on: (a) a screen showing stereoscopic models with a guide point that the subject must point to; (b) a camera capturing the distance between the screen and the subject's finger; and (c) a unit for recording, processing and storing the captured measurements. For test validation, the reproducibility and reliability of the platform were calculated by comparing results with standard stereoscopic tests. A demographic study of depth perception by subgroup analysis is shown. Subjective comparison of the different tests was carried out by means of a satisfaction survey. Results: We included 94 subjects, 25 children and 69 adults, with a mean age of 34.2 ± 18.9 years; 36.2 % were men and 63.8 % were women. The DALE3D platform obtained good repeatability with an interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between 0.94 and 0.87, and coefficient of variation (CV) between 0.1 and 0.26. Threshold determining optimal and suboptimal results was calculated for Randot and DALE3D test. Spearman's correlation coefficient, between thresholds was not statistically significant (p value > 0.05). The test was considered more visually appealing and easier to use by the participants (90 % maximum score). Conclusions: The DALE3D platform is a potentially useful tool for measuring depth perception with optimal reproducibility rates. Its innovative design makes it a more intuitive tool for children than current stereoscopic tests. Nevertheless, further studies will be needed to assess whether the depth perception measured by the DALE3D platform is a sufficiently reliable parameter to assess stereopsis.(AU)

Study of stereopsis using a depth sensation detection platform equipped with computer vision technology (DALE3D).

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The invention described herein is a prototype based on computer vision technology that measures depth perception and is intended for the early examination of stereopsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prototype (software and hardware) is a depth perception measurement system that consists on: (a) a screen showing stereoscopic models with a guide point that the subject must point to; (b) a camera capturing the distance between the screen and the subject's finger; and (c) a unit for recording, processing and storing the captured measurements. For test validation, the reproducibility and reliability of the platform were calculated by comparing results with standard stereoscopic tests. A demographic study of depth perception by subgroup analysis is shown. Subjective comparison of the different tests was carried out by means of a satisfaction survey. RESULTS: We included 94 subjects, 25 children and 69 adults, with a mean age of 34.2 ± 18.9 years; 36.2 % were men and 63.8 % were women. The DALE3D platform obtained good repeatability with an interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between 0.94 and 0.87, and coefficient of variation (CV) between 0.1 and 0.26. Threshold determining optimal and suboptimal results was calculated for Randot and DALE3D test. Spearman's correlation coefficient, between thresholds was not statistically significant (p value > 0.05). The test was considered more visually appealing and easier to use by the participants (90 % maximum score). CONCLUSIONS: The DALE3D platform is a potentially useful tool for measuring depth perception with optimal reproducibility rates. Its innovative design makes it a more intuitive tool for children than current stereoscopic tests. Nevertheless, further studies will be needed to assess whether the depth perception measured by the DALE3D platform is a sufficiently reliable parameter to assess stereopsis.

Updated Filler Emergency Kit: Next-Generation Emergency Solution.

INTRODUCTION: The rising popularity of facial filler injections has corresponded with an increase in reported complications. While a filler emergency kit was previously introduced, advancements in the field have highlighted certain limitations, prompting the development of the updated filler emergency kit (UFEK). METHODS: The authors conducted literature research up to February 2023, focusing on PubMed and open web searches for articles referred to filler emergent complications: vascular occlusion, blindness and anaphylaxis. Approximately 1200 articles were obtained from PubMed and other sources, and 45 articles were reviewed. RESULTS: The developed UFEK protocol delineates specific interventions meticulously tailored to address diverse emergent scenarios linked to soft tissue fillers complications. This protocol emphasizes the urgent requirement for timely and personalized interventions. CONCLUSION: The UFEK offers a standardized, comprehensive and effective approach. This work contributes to the responsible and informed progression of the field of aesthetic medicine, providing more value and safety, both for clinicians and patients. Level of Evidence IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Moraxella nonliquefaciens superinfecting herpes simplex keratitis.

INTRODUCTION: Moraxella nonliquefaciens (M. nonliquefaciens) is a low pathogenicity microorganism, which rarely causes ocular infections, unless there is a predisposing factor. The main clinical manifestation of M. nonliquefaciens ocular infections is endophthalmitis and only five cases of corneal infection have been reported. This work shows an update in M. nonliquefaciens corneal infections, and the first reported case of keratitis due to M. nonliquefaciens superinfecting herpes simplex infection. CASE REPORT: A 84-year old woman with worsening of her herpes simplex keratitis, diagnosed, and treated 2 days before. The slit lamp showed deep paracentral infiltrate and hypopyon. A corneal sample was collected for culture prior to initiation of empiric antibiotic therapy with vancomycin and ceftazidime fortified, oral acyclovir, and cyclopentolate. The strain was identified as M. nonliquefaciens and topical antibiotic therapy was adjusted to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime. After 2 weeks, the epithelial defect and the infiltrate were resolved and prednisolone was added to the regimen. As the corneal oedema and neovascularization decreased, acyclovir, and prednisolone were slowly tapered. About 4 months later, the visual outcome was 20/50 and the ophthalmic examination showed a clear cornea with a paracentral leucoma. CONCLUSION: Keratitis due to M. nonliquefaciens is rare and should be suspected in patients with local predisposing factors such as corneal damage or previous corneal infection. Prompt and appropriate combined treatment for the predisposing lesions and the keratitis may improve the prognosis and avoid a more aggressive approach.

Proptosis and a Dermal Lesion as the Presenting Sign of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

The purpose is to describe a clinical case of orbital metastases as the presentation sign of the primary tumor, and the importance of a multidisciplinary diagnosis. A 70-year-old man attended the Ophthalmology Department referring ocular pain. Mild proptosis and a dermal lesion in the neck were noticed. Biopsy of the dermal lesion and systemic work-up were compatible with lung adenocarcinoma with metastatic dissemination. After one cycle of palliative chemotherapy, patient's medical condition worsened, and he eventually died. Although rare, orbital symptoms can be the initial clinical presentation preceding the diagnosis of the primary silent lung neoplasm. Ophthalmologist has an important role in diagnoses of metastatic orbital cancer. Involvement of the multidisciplinary team is important for diagnosis and treatment.